Understanding Nozzle Attachments in Localised Cryotherapy Devices (CO₂) Localised Cryotherapy devices using CO₂ offer a range of nozzle attachments designed to target specific areas and optimise treatment outcomes. Selecting the correct nozzle is essential for effective application, whether treating inflammation, joints or larger muscle groups. The guide below outlines common nozzle types and their uses […]

References Fonda, B. et al. (2014) ‘Effects of whole-body cryotherapy duration on thermal and cardiovascular response’, Journal of Thermal Biology, 42, pp. 52–55. Selfe, J. et al. (2014) ‘The effect of three different (−135°C) whole body cryotherapy exposure durations on elite rugby league players’, PLOS ONE, 9(1).

The Core Mechanism Sessions typically last 2 – 3 minutes at -110°C to -160°C (-166°F to -256°F). Due to air’s low thermal conductivity, cooling is largely limited to the skin surface – deeper tissues and core temperature are minimally affected. (Bleakley et al., 2014) The primary effect is skin-level thermal shock, which drives: A large […]

Temperature: Gradient and Low Moisture Content The driving force of Cryostimulation is the temperature gradient (ΔT) between the cryogenic environment (e.g. -120°C / -184°F) and skin surface (~30 – 32°C / 86 – 90°F). The greater this gradient, the more intensely cutaneous thermoreceptors perceive thermal stress, triggering a stronger neurological and circulatory response. Dry, low-moisture […]