‘Cryotherapy’ is an umbrella term covering a range of cold-based interventions, but treating them as a single entity is a common source of confusion. Each modality differs significantly in how it is applied, what it does physiologically and what it is clinically designed to achieve.

For clarity in both research and practice, Cryotherapy is best understood across three distinct categories: Cooling, Cryosurgery and Cryostimulation (Neurocryostimulation).